Fear and Awe of the Eye. On the Encomium of Helen and the Aversion to Rhetoric and Visual Appeals
Om Helenas pris og modviljen mod retorik og visuelle appeller
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52610/rhs.v11i41.199Keywords:
Rhetoric, visual communication, Iconophobia, Iconoclasm, Gorgias, Encomium of Helen, power of rhetoric, epideictic speechAbstract
Fra begyndelsen er retorikken blevet anklaget for at være en lære om effektiv og uredelig manipulation. Især har appeller til følelserne og sanserne været kritiseret, og da særlig appeller til øjet. Gennem historien er visuel retorik blevet betragtet som specielt problematisk, fordi den opfattes som stærkere og mere manipulatorisk end andre retoriske appeller. I denne artikel redegør Kjeldsen for ligheder i kritikken mod retorik og visuel kommunikation. Han beskriver dikotomier som gennem tiden har forbundet både verbal og visuel retorik med emotionelle appeller, overfladisk æstetisk form, ubevidst påvirkning, magtesløs modtager og magtfuld ytring. Artiklen viser, hvordan sådanne dikotomier, og (over)troen på veltalenhedens og det visuelles magt, allerede findes i Gorgias’ Helenas pris – lovtalen som rummer de første kendte teoretiseringer over veltalenhedens og det visuelles magt.
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